Most people are part-Neanderthal, the closest extinct human relative. Svante Pääbo explores human genetic evolution by analyzing preserved genetic material from the remains of ancient organisms, including Neanderthals. He explores his findings on interbreeding of Neanderthals and modern humans. Pääbo won the 2022 Nobel Prize in Medicine for advancing the understanding of human evolution and was awarded the 2018 Nierenberg Award for Science in the Public Interest. (#34458)